Next, trade any groups of 10 cubes for a rod. Put all of the cubes from both numbers in the same pile do this with the rods, flats, and blocks as well. To add two or more numbers, start by representing each number with base ten blocks. One simple use of base ten blocks that translates well to a paper and pencil method of addition is to add by regrouping. Going the other way, 10 cubes can be traded for one rod, 10 rods for one flat, and 10 flats for one block. Each block can be traded for 10 flats, each flat for 10 rods, and each rod for 10 cubes. It is useful to arrange the piles in a row in the same order that they appear in the number as that will be useful later on when children learn the paper and pencil algorithm.Īnother useful skill to practice is trading base ten blocks. If your number was 2,784, you would make a pile of 2 blocks, a pile of 7 flats, a pile of 8 rods, and a pile of 4 cubes. To represent a number using base ten blocks, make piles of base ten blocks to represent each place value. To see what base ten blocks look like, and to try them out, go to the National Library of Virtual Manipulatives: In order to use base ten blocks to add numbers, students should be familiar with how to represent numbers using base ten blocks. A block looks like ten flats piled one on top of the other and bonded together. A flat looks like one hundred cubes place in a 10 x 10 square and attached together. ![]() Flats, as you might have guessed, represent hundreds, and blocks represent thousands. Rods represent the tens place and look like ten cubes placed in a row and fused together. Cubes represent the ones place and look exactly like their name suggests - a small cube usually one centimeter by one centimeter by one centimeter. In this example, the place value of the ones place is 5.īase ten blocks turn the base ten concept into something children can see and touch.īase ten blocks consist of cubes, rods, flats, and blocks. The only possible digits that could go in each place are the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. For instance, in the number 345, there is a hundreds place, a tens place and a ones place. ![]() This essentially means that you can only use ten unique digits (0 to 9) in each place of a base ten number. The numbering system that children learn and the one most of us are familiar with is the base ten system. In this article, I will describe base ten blocks and how to use them to represent and add numbers. Base ten blocks are an excellent tool for teaching children the concept of addition because they allow children to touch and manipulate something real while learning important skills that translate well into paper and pencil addition.
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